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KMID : 1101520180220020047
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Journal of Korean Society for Neurotherapy
2018 Volume.22 No. 2 p.47 ~ p.52
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The effect of using smartphone in the restroom on muscle activity of cervical erector spinae, upper trapezius, and lumbar erector spinae in able-bodied people
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Kim Jun-Hyeok
Kang Seul-Gi
Kim Min-Joo
Min Yu-Jin
Baek Suk-Hyang
Jang Yoon-Ho
Ju Mi-Jung
Choi Ga-Ram
Hong Sung-Hwa
Kwon Hyeok-Gyu
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Abstract
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Purpose: The usage of a smartphone in the life have been increased because of the convenience of a smartphone. In addition, the usage of a smartphone is increased in the restroom. The use of smartphone in the toilets have affected on large intestine such as constipation and hemorrhoids. However, little is known about musculoskeletal system. Therefore, the Purpose of this study was to examine the effect of using smarphone in the restroom on muscle activity of cervical erector spineae, upper trapezius, and lumbar erector spinae in the ablebodied people.
Methods: 28 healthy subjects were recruited for this study. Electromyographic signals of both cervical erector spinae, upper trapezius and lumbar erector spinae were acquired during sitting on the general chair and toilet with using a smartphone. Paired ttest was used for determination of differences in the muscle activation between general chair and toilet. The significant level of the p value was set at 0.05.
Results: In cervical erector spinae and upper trapezius, no significant difference was observed between the general chair and toilet (p>.05). In contrast, regarding lumbar erector spinae, using a smartphone on the toilet showed significant difference compared to on the general chair (p<.05).
Conclusion: We found that the sitting on the toilet during using a smartphone showed higher muscle activation of lumbar erector spinae than the sitting on the general chair. Therefore, using a smartphone on the toilet could affect the musculoskeletal of the lower back.
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KEYWORD
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Smartphone, Toilet, Muscle activity, Cervical erector spinae, Upper trapezius
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